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GRAMMAR CLASS - 10
THE INSO PROJECT
BAL SHIKSHA KALYAN SEVA COMMITTEE IS PROVIDING FREE ENGLISH CLASSES TO THE HUNDREDS OF STUDENTS OF RURAL AND SLUM AREAS AT FREE OF COST THROUGH THEIR PROJECT IS THE INSO PROJECT. THE FULL FORM OF INSO IS "IMPLEMENT NEW STUDENT OBJECT" IN SHORT WE CAN SAY, "INSO". AS WELL AS NOW THE INSO PROJECT STARTED TO GIVE FREE ENGLISH CLASS TO THE COLLAGE STUDENTS WHICH JOINING US FROM DIFFERENT PLACES.THE INSO PROJECT IS MADE BY ASHISH DIVYA WHO IS THE YOUNGEST SOCIAL WORKER OF INDIA. IF WE TALK ABOUT ASHISH DIVYA SIR SO HE IS ONE FROM TEACHER, SOCIAL WORKER IN FIELD OF HEALTH, AWARENESS AND SPECIALLY EDUCATION.IN THIS OFFICIAL WEBSITE OF THE INSO PROJECT IS PROVIDING FREE ENGLISH CLASS NOTES FOR THE STUDENTS WHICH CAN'T AFFORD THE ENGLISH CLASS FROM THE VARIOUS SCHOOLS OR INSTITUTE TO CAUSE OF THEIR FINANCIAL PROBLEMS.
THE INSO PROJECT IS ADDING ALL ESSENTIAL NOTES FOR STUDENTS WHICH ARE GIVEN BELOW -
- GENERAL VERB CLASS - IN ALL CLASSES OF GENERAL VERB PROVIDES YOU A BUNCH 50 GENERAL USING OF VERBS. HERE ALL STUDENTS ARE GOING TO BE LEARN MORE THAN 1750 GENERAL VERBS IN VERY EASY AND SIMPLE MANNER. IF YOU WILL REMEMBER ALL GENERAL VERB SO YOU WILL HAVE A BUNCH OF WORDS OF VERB TO USE IT IN YOUR OFFICE, SCHOOLS AND OTHER PLACES.
- ENTIRE GRAMMAR CLASS - AFTER OF PROVIDING FREE GENERAL VERB CLASS, THE INSO PROJECT WILL PROVIDE YOU A FREE GRAMMAR CLASS WHERE YOU CAN LEARN AND FIND VARIOUS TYPES OF PARTS OF SPEECH WHICH NEVER BEEN TAUGHT YOU IN ANYWHERE.
- DAILY FREE MOCK TEST - EXCEPT TO THESE ALL THE INSO PROJECT IS TAKING FREE MOCK TESTS OF STUDENTS TO SEE WHAT CHANGES IS COMING INTO THEIR FLUENCY IN ENGLISH. AND WHAT REFORMS THEY NEED TO BE HIDDEN ALL MISTAKES.FOR MOCK TEST YOU WILL GO TO THE SIGN UP LINK AND FILL ALL DETAILS AND WE WILL ADD YOU IN OUR WHATSAPP GROUP AND FROM NEXT DAY WE WILL PROVIDE FREE MOCK TEST.
- WHY WE ARE DOING IT - ONE QUESTION IS COMING ON YOUR MIND THAT WHY THEY ARE DOING THIS WORK WITHOUT ANY PROFIT SO I WOULD LIKE TO TELL ALL RESPECTED OFFICIALS, INDIVIDUALS, PARENTS AND STUDENTS THAT BAL SHIKSHA KALYAN SEVA COMMITTEE IS A NON PROFIT ORGANIZATION OF WHICH DREAMS IS NO ANYONE FROM SLUM AREAS AND STUDENTS WHO HAVE BEEN COMPLETED THEIR STUDIES FROM GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS OR HINDI MEDIUM PRIVATE SCHOOLS WILL BE EXCEPT TO LEARN ENGLISH. IN VERY SIMPLE WORDS, EVERY STUDENT OF SLUM AND RURAL AREAS AND FINANCIALLY UNHEALTHY INDIVIDUALS CAN LEARN ENGLISH THROUGH THIS GREAT INITIATIVE THE INSO PROJECT MADE BY BAL SHIKSHA KALYAN SEVA COMMITTEE (NON PROFIT ORGANIZATION REGISTERED).
- THE INSO PROJECT WEBSITE - THE INSO PROJECT OFFICIAL WEBSITE DESIGNED BY MR ASHISH DIVYA WHICH FULL FILLING ALL REQUIREMENTS OF GOVERNMENT OF INDIA.
- EVERYTHING IS NON PROFIT - NO ANY STUDENTS OR INDIVIDUALS WHO IS GETTING THESE NOTES OR BENEFIT FROM THIS SOCIAL WORK, HAVE TO PAYING A RUPEE FOR THE INSO PROJECT OR BY BAL SHIKSHA KALYAN SEVA COMMITTEE.
- GENERAL VERB CLASS - IN ALL CLASSES OF GENERAL VERB PROVIDES YOU A BUNCH 50 GENERAL USING OF VERBS. HERE ALL STUDENTS ARE GOING TO BE LEARN MORE THAN 1750 GENERAL VERBS IN VERY EASY AND SIMPLE MANNER. IF YOU WILL REMEMBER ALL GENERAL VERB SO YOU WILL HAVE A BUNCH OF WORDS OF VERB TO USE IT IN YOUR OFFICE, SCHOOLS AND OTHER PLACES.
- ENTIRE GRAMMAR CLASS - AFTER OF PROVIDING FREE GENERAL VERB CLASS, THE INSO PROJECT WILL PROVIDE YOU A FREE GRAMMAR CLASS WHERE YOU CAN LEARN AND FIND VARIOUS TYPES OF PARTS OF SPEECH WHICH NEVER BEEN TAUGHT YOU IN ANYWHERE.
- DAILY FREE MOCK TEST - EXCEPT TO THESE ALL THE INSO PROJECT IS TAKING FREE MOCK TESTS OF STUDENTS TO SEE WHAT CHANGES IS COMING INTO THEIR FLUENCY IN ENGLISH. AND WHAT REFORMS THEY NEED TO BE HIDDEN ALL MISTAKES.FOR MOCK TEST YOU WILL GO TO THE SIGN UP LINK AND FILL ALL DETAILS AND WE WILL ADD YOU IN OUR WHATSAPP GROUP AND FROM NEXT DAY WE WILL PROVIDE FREE MOCK TEST.
- WHY WE ARE DOING IT - ONE QUESTION IS COMING ON YOUR MIND THAT WHY THEY ARE DOING THIS WORK WITHOUT ANY PROFIT SO I WOULD LIKE TO TELL ALL RESPECTED OFFICIALS, INDIVIDUALS, PARENTS AND STUDENTS THAT BAL SHIKSHA KALYAN SEVA COMMITTEE IS A NON PROFIT ORGANIZATION OF WHICH DREAMS IS NO ANYONE FROM SLUM AREAS AND STUDENTS WHO HAVE BEEN COMPLETED THEIR STUDIES FROM GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS OR HINDI MEDIUM PRIVATE SCHOOLS WILL BE EXCEPT TO LEARN ENGLISH. IN VERY SIMPLE WORDS, EVERY STUDENT OF SLUM AND RURAL AREAS AND FINANCIALLY UNHEALTHY INDIVIDUALS CAN LEARN ENGLISH THROUGH THIS GREAT INITIATIVE THE INSO PROJECT MADE BY BAL SHIKSHA KALYAN SEVA COMMITTEE (NON PROFIT ORGANIZATION REGISTERED).
- THE INSO PROJECT WEBSITE - THE INSO PROJECT OFFICIAL WEBSITE DESIGNED BY MR ASHISH DIVYA WHICH FULL FILLING ALL REQUIREMENTS OF GOVERNMENT OF INDIA.
- EVERYTHING IS NON PROFIT - NO ANY STUDENTS OR INDIVIDUALS WHO IS GETTING THESE NOTES OR BENEFIT FROM THIS SOCIAL WORK, HAVE TO PAYING A RUPEE FOR THE INSO PROJECT OR BY BAL SHIKSHA KALYAN SEVA COMMITTEE.
SO WELCOME TO ALL STUDENTS IN AN INITIATIVE THE INSO PROJECT BY THE BAL SHIKSHA KALYAN SEVA COMMITTEE, TODAY WE GOING TO LEARN ABOUT THE SELF SPEAKING WORDS IN VERY EASY AND SIMPLE WAY. IT CONTAINS 32 SELF USING WORDS. FIRSTLY WRITE DOWN IT ON COPY AND THEN SEND IT TO THE OFFICIAL NUMBER OF THE INSO PROJECT 8319683358.
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Present Indefinite Tense
इस Tense को Simple Present Tense भी कहते हैं। (Also known as the Simple Present Tense.)
इस Tense के वाक्यों की पहचान है – क्रिया के साथ ” ता है, ती है, ते हैं “ लगकर आता है।
जैसे – मैं जाता हूँ, वो आता है, आप नहाते हो आदि।
किस Subject के साथ कौन सी Helping verb??
- केवल सकारात्मक वाक्यों में (In Affirmative Sentences only) –
3rd person Singular Subject के case में क्रिया के साथ “S या ES” लगाया जाता है।
बाकी सभी Subjects के case में क्रिया के साथ “S या ES” नहीं लगाया जाता है।
(कहाँ पर S लगाएं, कहाँ पर ES लगाएं – ये बात आगे बतायी गयी है।) - बाकी सभी तरह के वाक्यों में (In Negative, Interrogative or Neg. Int. Sentences) –
3rd person Singular Subject के साथ – DOES
बाकी सभी Subjects के साथ – DO
अगर आपको 1st Person, 2nd Person, 3rd Person का ज्ञान नहीं है तो कोई बात नहीं, ये वीडियो पूरी देख लो –
Rules:
Affirmative Sentence (सकारात्मक वाक्य) –
Subject + V1 + {3rd person Singular के साथ s/es) + Object.
Negative Sentence (नकारात्मक वाक्य) –
Subject + does/do + not + V1 + Object.
Interrogative Sentence (प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य) –
<WH> + does/do + Subject + V1 + Object?
Negative Interrogative Sentence (नकारात्मक प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य) –
<WH> + does/do + Subject + not + V1 + Object?
सकारात्मक वाक्यों में क्रिया के अन्त में कब “S” लगायें और कब “ES” लगायें??
When to use “s” and When to use “es” at the end of the verb in Affirmative Sentences
- केवल सकारात्मक वाक्यों में (In Affirmative Sentences only) –
3rd person Singular Subject के case में क्रिया के साथ “S या ES” लगाया जाता है।
बाकी सभी Subjects के case में क्रिया के साथ “S या ES” नहीं लगाया जाता है।
Rules for using ‘es’ at the end of the verb
If the verb ends with ‘o’, es is added at the end of the verb.
Example: go becomes goes, do becomes does, etc.
If the verb ends with ‘ss’ or ‘sh’, es is added at the end of the verb.
Example: kiss becomes kisses, buzz becomes buzzes, etc.
If the verb ends with an ‘x’, ‘zz’, or a ‘ch’, es is added at the end of the verb.
Example: fix becomes fixes, relax becomes relaxes, etc.
If the main verb ends with y with a consonant preceding it, es is added at the end of the verb.
Example: work becomes works, marry becomes marries, try becomes tries, etc.
Rules for using ‘s’ at the end of the verb
If the verb ends with y with a vowel preceding it, an ‘s’ is added at the end of the verb.
Example: say becomes says, play becomes plays, etc.
अब ये वीडियो देखिए। आपको बारीकियाँ समझ आ जायेंगी Present Indefinite Tense की। ये भी पता लगेगा कि कब Interrogative Sentence बिल्कुल Affirmative Sentence की तरह बनता है। (Who के साथ)
Examples of Affirmative Sentences
राम हर दिन एक किलोमीटर दौड़ता है।
Ram har din ek kilometer daudta hai.
Ram runs for a km every day.
मैं तुमसे तेज दौड़ता हूँ।
Mai tumse tez daudta hoon.
I run faster than you.
वह मुझसे बात करती है।
Vah mujhse baat krti hai.
She talks to me.
वह सीखना चाहता है।
Vah seekhna chahta hai.
He wants to learn.
वे कड़ी मेहनत करते हैं।
Ve kadi mehnat karte hai.
They work hard.
Examples of Negative Sentences
राम नहीं दौड़ता।
Ram nahi daudta.
Ram does not run.
मैं बास्केटबॉल नहीं खेलता।
Mai basketball nahi khelta.
I do not play basketball.
वे किताबें नहीं पढ़ते हैं।
Ve kitaabe nahi padhte hai.
They do not read books.
वह सीखना नहीं चाहता।
Vah seekhna nahi chahta.
He does not want to learn.
वे मेहनत नहीं करते।
Ve mehnat nahi karte.
They do not work hard.
Examples of Interrogative Sentences
क्या वह गाता है?
Kya vah gata hai?
Does he sing?
तुम वहाँ क्यों जाते हो?
Tum waha kyu jaate ho?
Why do you go there?
हम कितने बजे तक खेलते हैं?
Hum kitne baje tak khelte hai?
Until what time do we play?
क्या वह स्कूल जाता है?
Kya vah school jata hai?
Does he go to school?
क्या वह 4 बजे उठता है?
Kya vah 4 baje uthta hai?
Does he wake up at 4 o’clock?
Examples of Negative Interrogative Sentences
क्या वह स्कूल नहीं जाता है?
Kya vah school nahi jata hai?
Does he not go to school?
क्या वह मेहनत से पढ़ाई नहीं करता?
Kya vah mehnat se padhai nahi krta?
Does he not study hard?
क्या वे एक साथ नहीं खेलते हैं?
Kya v eek sath nahi khelte hai?
Do they not play together?
आप उसे क्यों नहीं डाँटते?
Aap use kyu nahi daantte?
Why do you not scold him?
Present Continuous Tense
इस Tense के वाक्यों की पहचान है – क्रिया के साथ ” रहा है, रही है, रहे हैं “ लगकर आता है।
जैसे – मैं जा रहा हूँ, वो आ रहा है, आप सो रहे हो आदि।
किस Subject के साथ कौन सी Helping verb??
3rd person Singular Subject के साथ – IS
1st Person Singular Subject (I) के साथ – AM
बाकी सभी (Rest all) के साथ – ARE
Rules:
Affirmative Sentence (सकारात्मक वाक्य) –
Subject + is/am/are + V1 + ing + Object.
Negative Sentence (नकारात्मक वाक्य) –
Subject + is/am/are + not + V1 + ing + Object.
Interrogative Sentence (प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य) –
<WH> + is/am/are + Subject + V1 + ing + Object?
Negative Interrogative Sentence (नकारात्मक प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य) –
<WH> + is/am/are + Subject + not + V1 + ing + Object?
Examples of Affirmative Sentences
वह टहलने जा रही है।
Vah tahalne ja rahi hai.
She is going for a walk.
मैं पढ़ रहा हूँ।
Mai padh raha hoon.
I am studying.
वे डिनर कर रहे हैं।
Ve dinner kar rahe hai.
They are having/taking/eating dinner.
वे पार्टी में जा रहे हैं।
Ve ek party me ja rahe hai.
They are going to a party.
वो रो रही है।
Vo ro rahi hai.
She is crying.
Examples of Negative Sentences
वह टहलने नहीं जा रही है।
Vah tahalne nahi ja rahi hai.
She is not going for a walk.
मैं पढ़ाई नहीं कर रहा हूँ।
Mai padhai nahi kar raha hoon.
I am not studying.
वे डिनर नहीं कर रहे हैं।
Ve dinner nahi kar rahe hai.
They are not having dinner.
वे पार्टी में नहीं जा रहे हैं।
Ve party me nahi ja rahe hai.
They are not going to party.
वह रो नहीं रही है।
Vah ro nahi rahi h.
She is not crying.
Examples of Interrogative Sentences
क्या मैं पार्टी में जा रहा हूँ?
Kya mai party me ja raha hoon?
Am I going to the party?
वह क्यों रो रही है?
Vah kyu ro rhi hai?
Why is she crying?
क्या मैं पत्र लिख रहा हूँ?
Kya mai patra likh raha hu?
Am I writing the letter?
Examples of Negative Interrogative Sentences
वह टहलने क्यों नहीं जा रही है?
Vah tahalne kyu nahi ja rahi hai?
Why is she not going for a walk?
क्या हम आज स्कूल नहीं जा रहे हैं?
Kya hum aj school nahi ja rahe hai?
Are we not going to school today?
आज आप अपनी परीक्षा के लिए उपस्थित क्यों नहीं हो रहे हैं?
Aaj ap apni pareeksha ke liye upasthit kyu nahi ho rahe hai?
Why you are not appearing for your examination today?
वह आज सुबह क्रिकेट क्यों नहीं खेल रहा है?
Vah aaj subah cricket kyu nahi khel raha hai?
Why is he not playing cricket this morning?
आप अपनी परीक्षाओं के लिए पढ़ाई क्यों नहीं कर रहे हैं?
Aap apni pareekshao ke liye padhai kyu nahi kar rhe hai?
Why are you not studying hard for your examinations?
Present Perfect Tense
इस Tense के वाक्यों की पहचान है – क्रिया के साथ ” चुका है, चुकी है, चुके हैं, लिया है, दिया है, गया है, ली है, दी है, की है” लगकर आता है।
किस Subject के साथ कौन सी Helping verb??
3rd person Singular Subject के साथ – HAS
बाकी सभी Subjects के साथ – HAVE
Rules:
Affirmative Sentence (सकारात्मक वाक्य) –
Subject + has/have + V3 + Object.
Negative Sentence (नकारात्मक वाक्य) –
Subject + has/have + not + V3 + Object.
Interrogative Sentence (प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य) –
<WH> + has/have + Subject + V3 + Object?
Negative Interrogative Sentence (नकारात्मक प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य) –
<WH> + has/have + Subject + not + V3 + Object?
Examples of Affirmative Sentences
मेहमान जा चुके हैं।
Mehman ja chuke hai.
The guests have left.
राम स्कूल चला गया है।
Ram school chala gaya hai.
Ram has gone to school.
हमने परिसर को घेर लिया है।
Humne parisar ko gher liya hai.
We have surrounded the premises.
उसने मेरे मैसेज का जवाब दिया है।
Usne mere message ka jawab diya hai.
She has replied to my message.
उसने परीक्षाएं पास कर ली हैं।
Usne pareekshayein paas kar li hain.
She has passed the exams.
Examples of Negative Sentences
आपने अपना होमवर्क पूरा नहीं किया है।
Aapne apna homework pura nahi kiya hai.
You have not completed your homework.
राम खेलने के लिए बाहर नहीं गया है।
Ram khelne ke liye bahar nahi gaya hai.
Ram has not gone out to play.
वे अभी तक नहीं पहुंचे हैं।
Ve abhi tak nahi pahunche hai.
They have not arrived yet.
उन्होंने हमें वापस नहीं बुलाया है।
Unhone hamein wapas nahi bulaya hai.
They have not called us back.
Examples of Interrogative Sentences
क्या आपने आने वाली परीक्षाओं की तैयारी कर ली है?
Kya apne aane wali pareekshao ki taiyari kar li hai?
Have you prepared for the upcoming examinations?
क्या उसने आपकी किताब पढ़ी है?
Kya usne aapki kitab padhi hai?
Has she read your book?
क्या उन्होंने हमें वापस बुलाया है?
Kya unhone hamein wapas bulaya hai?
Have they called us back?
क्या उन्होंने आपके स्कूल की नोटबुक लौटा दी है?
Kya unhone aapke school ki notebook lauta di hai?
Have they returned your school notebook?
क्या उन्होंने खेल खेलना समाप्त कर दिया है?
Kya unhone khel khelna samapt kar diya hai?
Have they finished playing the game?
Examples of Negative Interrogative Sentences
आपने लाइब्रेरी का बकाया भुगतान क्यों नहीं दिया है?
Aapne library ka bakaya bhugtaan kyu nahi diya hai?
Why have you not paid the library dues?
उसने मैथमेटिक्स ओलंपियाड के लिए आवेदन क्यों नहीं किया है?
Usne mathematics Olympiad ke liye aavedan kyu nahi kiya hai?
Why has she not applied for the Mathematics Olympiad?
उन्होंने खाना क्यों नहीं खाया है?
Unhone khana kyu nahi khaya hai?
Why have they not eaten the food?
वह अपनी किताबें क्यों नहीं लाई है?
Vah apni kitaabe kyu nahi lai hai?
Why has she not brought her books?
आपने अपना होमवर्क क्यों नहीं किया है?
Aapne apna homework kyu nahi kiya hai?
Why have you not done your homework?
Present Perfect Continuous Tense
इस Tense के वाक्यों की पहचान है – क्रिया के साथ ” रहा है, रही है, रहे हैं “ लगकर आता है और साथ ही ” समय के साथ से “ का जिक्र होता है।
जैसे – मैं 2 बजे से खेल रहा हूँ, वो सुबह से खा रहा है, आप काफी देर से सो रहे हो आदि।
से के लिए –
Since का प्रयोग किसी निश्चित समय से के साथ – The word ‘since’ is used to express the exact time in which the action started.
For का प्रयोग किसी समयावधि से के साथ –The word ‘for’ is used to express an unknown amount of time passed.
किस Subject के साथ कौन सी Helping verb??
3rd person Singular Subject के साथ – HAS BEEN
बाकी सभी Subjects के साथ – HAVE BEEN
अगर आप Since और For के प्रयोग को थोडा और बेहतर समझना चाहें तो नीचे दी गयी ये वीडियो देख लीजिए।
Rules:
Affirmative Sentence (सकारात्मक वाक्य) –
Subject + has/have + been + V1 + ing + Obj + Since/For + {TIME}.
Negative Sentence (नकारात्मक वाक्य) –
Subject + has/have + not + been + V1 + ing + Obj + Since/For + {TIME}.
Interrogative Sentence (प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य) –
<WH> + has/have + Subject + been + V1 + ing + Obj + Since/For + {TIME}?
Negative Interrogative Sentence (नकारात्मक प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य) –
<WH> + has/have + Subject + not + been + V1 + ing + Obj + Since/For + {TIME}?
Examples of Affirmative Sentence
वह 1947 से यहाँ रह रहा है।
Vah 1947 se yaha reh raha hai.
He has been living here since 1947.
राम एक घंटे से चल रहा है।
Raam ek ghante se chal raha hai.
Ram has been walking for one hour.
वह एक हफ्ते से इस किताब को पढ़ रही है।
Vah ek hafte se is kitaab ko padh rahi hai.
She has been reading this book for a week.
वे सात बजे से पढ़ रहे हैं।
Ve saat baje se padh rahe hai.
They have been studying since 7 o’clock.
वह एक घंटे से मेरा इंतजार कर रहा है।
Vah ek ghante se mera intezaar kar raha tha.
He has been waiting for me for an hour.
Examples of Negative Sentences
वह रविवार से पढ़ाई नहीं कर रही है।
Vah ravivaar se padhai nahi kar rahi hai.
She has not been studying since Sunday.
वे एक साल से एक-दूसरे से नहीं मिल रहे हैं।
Ve ek saal se ek dusre se nahi mil rahe hai.
They have not been meeting each other for a year.
वे सोमवार से एक्सरसाइज नहीं कर रहे हैं।
Ve somvaar se exercise nahi kar rahe hai.
They have not been exercising since Monday.
वह एक महीने से प्रैक्टिस नहीं कर रहा है।
Vah ek mahine se practice nahi kar raha hai.
He has not been practicing for a month.
आप एक महीने से मेरे कॉल का जवाब नहीं दे रहे हैं।
Aap ek mahine se mere call ka jawab nahi de rahe hai.
You have not been returning my calls for a month.
Examples of Interrogative Sentences
वे दो घंटे से क्या बात कर रहे हैं?
Ve do ghante se kya baat kar rahe hai?
What have they been talking about for two hours?
वे पिछले सप्ताह से क्यों लड़ रहे हैं?
Ve pichle saptah se kyu lad rahe hai?
Why have they been fighting since last week?
क्या वह पच्चीस साल से पढ़ा रही है?
Kya vah pachhees saal se padha rahi hai?
Has she been teaching for twenty-five years?
कौन पिछले एक घंटे से शोर मचा रहा है?
Kaun pichle ek ghante se shor macha raha hai?
Who has been making noise for the last one hour?
क्या वह पिछले सात दिनों से एक ही किताब पढ़ रहा है?
Kya vah pichle saat dino se ek hi kitaab padh raha hai?
Has he been reading the same book for the past seven days?
वह कल से अपने कमरे में क्या कर रहा है?
Vah kal se apne kamre me kya kar raha hai?
What has he been doing in his room since yesterday?
Examples of Negative Interrogative Sentences
क्या वह पिछले दो सप्ताह से एक ही प्रोजेक्ट पर काम नहीं कर रहा है?
Kya vah pichle do saptah se ek hi project par kaam kar raha hai?
Has he not been working on the same project for the last two weeks?
क्या मैं सुबह से वही बात नहीं कह रहा हूँ?
Kya mai subah se wahi baat nahi keh raha hu?
Have I not been saying the same thing since morning?
क्या आप 2011 से एक ही नाई के पास नहीं जा रहे हैं?
Kya ap 2011 se ek hi naai ke paas nahi ja rahe hai?
Have you not been going to the same hair dresser since 2011?
Past Indefinite Tense
इस Tense को Simple Past Tense भी कहते हैं। (Also known as the Simple Past Tense.)
इस Tense के वाक्यों की पहचान है – क्रिया के साथ ” आया, गया, रोया, सोया, ली, दी, की ” लगकर आता है।
किस Subject के साथ कौन सी Helping verb??
सकारात्मक वाक्यों (Affirmative Sentences) में हमेशा Verb की 2nd form का प्रयोग किया जाता है। बाकी सभी तरह के वाक्यों (Negative, Interrogative or Neg. Int. Sentences) में सभी Subjects के साथ – DID का प्रयोग किया जाता है।
Rules:
Affirmative Sentence (सकारात्मक वाक्य) –
Subject + V2 + Object.
Negative Sentence (नकारात्मक वाक्य) –
Subject + did + not + V1 + Object.
Interrogative Sentence (प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य) –
<WH> + did + Subject + V1 + Object?
Negative Interrogative Sentence (नकारात्मक प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य) –
<WH> + did + Subject + not + V1 + Object?
All the Tense Charts are available: CLICK HERE
Which helping verb with which subject??
सभी Subjects के साथ – DID
Note: No helping verb is used in affirmative sentences.
Examples of Affirmative Sentences
वे टहलने के लिए गए।
Ve tahalne ke liye gaye.
They went out for a walk.
उसने उसे एक पत्र लिखा।
Usne use ek patra likha.
He wrote a letter to her.
उन्होंने अपने दोस्तों के साथ खेला।
Unhone apne dosto ke sath khela.
They played with their friends.
हमने समय पर अपना होमवर्क जमा कर दिया।
Unhone samay par apna homework jama kar diya.
We submitted our homework on time.
उन्होंने परीक्षा के लिए क्वालीफाई किया।
Unhone pareeksha ke liye qualify kiya.
They qualified for the exam.
Examples of Negative Sentences
उन्होंने फाइनल के लिए क्वालीफाई नहीं किया।
Unhone final ke liye qualify nahi kiya.
They did not qualify for the finals.
वे समय पर बस नहीं पकड़ सके।
Ve samay par bus nahi pakad sake.
They could not catch the bus on time.
उन्हें गिफ्ट पसंद नहीं आया।
Unhe gift pasand nahi aaya.
They did not like the gift.
मैंने उसका इंतजार नहीं किया।
Maine uska intezaar nahi kiya.
I did not wait for him.
उसे फिल्म पसंद नहीं आई।
Use film pasand nahi aai.
She did not like the movie.
Examples of Interrogative Sentences
क्या आपको किताब पसंद आई?
Kya apko kitab pasand aai?
Did you like the book?
क्या उसने आखिरी पेज तक किताब पढ़ी?
Kya usne aakhiri page tak kitaab padhi?
Did he read the book till the last page?
क्या उसने अपनी परीक्षाओं की तैयारी शुरू कर दी?
Kya usne apni pareekshao ki taiyaari shuru kar di thi?
Did he start preparing for his examinations?
वे अपने घर से क्यों शिफ्ट हुए?
Ve apne ghar se kyu shift hue?
Why did they shift from their home?
क्या वे असाइनमेंट देना भूल गए?
Kya ve assignment dena bhul gaye?
Did they forget to submit their assignments?
Examples of Negative Interrogative Sentences
क्या मैं अपने दस्तावेज़ नहीं लाया?
Kya mai apne dastavej nahi laya?
Did I not bring my documents?
क्या उसे रात का खाना पसंद नहीं आया?
Kya use raat ko khana pasand nahi aaya?
Did she not like dinner?
क्या वह परीक्षा के लिए उपस्थित नहीं हुआ?
Kya vah pareeksha ke liye upasthit nahi hua tha?
Did he not appear for the examination?
क्या उन्हें क्विज के बारे में पता नहीं था?
Kya unhe quiz ke bare me pata nahi tha?
Did they not know about the quiz?
Past Continuous Tense
The “Past Continuous Tense” is also referred to as the “Past Progressive Tense“.
इस Tense के वाक्यों की पहचान है – क्रिया के साथ ” रहा था, रही थी, रहे थे “ लगकर आता है।
जैसे – मैं जा रहा था, वो आ रहा था, आप सो रहे थे आदि।
किस Subject के साथ कौन सी Helping verb??
Singular Subjects के साथ – WAS
Plural Subjects के साथ – WERE
Rules:
Affirmative Sentence (सकारात्मक वाक्य) –
Subject + was/were + V1 + ing + Object.
Negative Sentence (नकारात्मक वाक्य) –
Subject + was/were + not + V1 + ing + Object.
Interrogative Sentence (प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य) –
<WH> + was/were + Subject + V1 + ing + Object?
Negative Interrogative Sentence (नकारात्मक प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य) –
<WH> + was/were + Subject + not + V1 + ing + Object?
Examples of Affirmative Sentences
वह एक आर्टिकल लिख रहा था।
Vah ek article likh raha tha.
He was writing an article.
वे प्रोजेक्ट पर काम कर रहे थे।
Ve project par kaam kar rahe the.
They were working on the project.
वह अपना मैथमेटिक्स का होमवर्क पूरा कर रही थी।
Vah apna mathematics ka homework pura kar rahi thi.
She was completing her Mathematics homework.
वह अपनी आने वाली परीक्षाओं की तैयारी कर रहा था।
Vah apni aane wali pareekshao ki taiyaari kar raha tha.
He was preparing for his upcoming examinations.
वह अपनी कार की मरम्मत कर रही थी।
Vah apni car ki marammat kar rahi thi.
She was repairing her car.
Examples of Negative Sentences
वे बाहर नहीं जा रहे थे।
Ve bahar nahi ja he the.
They were not going out.
वह पिकनिक के लिए तैयार हो रही थी।
Vah apni picnic ke liye taiyaar ho rahi thi.
She was getting ready for the picnic.
वे शिक्षक दिवस के लिए कक्षा को सजा रहे थे।
Ve shikshak diwas ke liye kaksha ko saja rahe the.
They were decorating the classroom for Teacher’s Day.
बच्चे गार्डन में इधर-उधर भाग रहे थे।
Bachhe garden me idhar udhar bhaag rahe the.
The children were running around the garden.
Examples of Interrogative Sentences
क्या वे कॉलेज जाने के लिए निकल रहे थे?
Kya ve college jane ke liye nikal rahe the?
Were they leaving to go to college?
क्या वह उनके साथ पार्टी में जा रही थी?
Kya vah unke sath party me ja rahi thi?
Was she accompanying them to the party?
वे पिकनिक का आयोजन कहाँ कर रहे थे?
Ve picnic ka aayojan kaha kar rahe the?
Where were they organizing the picnic?
वह क्या कर रही थी?
Vah kya kar rahi thi?
What was she doing?
क्या वह गाना गा रही थी?
Kya vah gaana ga rahi thi?
Was she singing a song?
Examples of Negative Interrogative Sentences
उनकी माँ उन्हें उनकी गलतियों के लिए क्यों नहीं डाँट रही थी?
Unki ma unhe unki galtiyon ke liye kyu nahi daant rahi thi?
Why was their Mother not scolding them for their mistakes?
तुम मुझे कॉल क्यों नहीं कर रहे थे?
Tum mujhe call kyu nahi kar rahe the?
Why were you not calling out to me?
क्या वह ऑफिस के समय पर काम नहीं कर रही थी?
Kya vah office ke samay par kaam nahi kar rahi thi?
Was she not working during office hours?
क्या मैं सवालों के सही जवाब नहीं दे रहा था?
Kya mai sawalo ke sahi jawab nahi de raha tha?
Was I not answering the questions correctly?
वह घूमने के लिए क्यों नहीं जा रहा था?
Vah ghumne ke liye kyu nahi ja raha tha?
Why was he not going for his walks?
Past Perfect Tense
इस Tense के वाक्यों की पहचान है – क्रिया के साथ ” चुका था, चुकी थी, चुके थे, लिया था, दिया था, गया था, ली थी, दी थी, की थी” लगकर आता है। सभी Subjects के साथ – HAD का प्रयोग किया जाता है।
Rules:
Affirmative Sentence (सकारात्मक वाक्य) –
Subject + had + V3 + Object.
Negative Sentence (नकारात्मक वाक्य) –
Subject + had + not + V3 + Object.
Interrogative Sentence (प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य) –
<WH> + had + Subject + V3 + Object?
Negative Interrogative Sentence (नकारात्मक प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य) –
<WH> + had + Subject + not + V3 + Object?
Examples of Affirmative Sentences
डॉक्टर के आने से पहले ही मरीज का निधन हो गया था।
Doctor ke aane se pehle hi mareez ka nidhan ho gaya tha.
The patient had passed away before the arrival of the doctor.
उसने बचपन में कई सर्जरी करवाई थी।
Usne Bachpan me kai surgery karvaai thi.
She had undergone numerous surgeries during her childhood.
उसने असाइनमेंट पूरा कर लिया था, लेकिन उसे स्कूल ले जाना भूल गई।
Usne assignment pura kar liya tha lekin use school le jana bhool gai.
She had completed the assignments but forgot to take them to school.
उन्होंने बहुत अधिक जंक फूड खा लिया था।
Unhone bahut adhik junk food kha liya tha.
They had consumed too much junk food.
मेरे पहुँचने से पहले ही आप निकल चुके थे।
Mere pahuchne se pehle hi aap nikal chuke the.
You had left even before I reached.
Examples of Negative Sentences
कक्षा की मॉनिटर ने छात्रों को समय सीमा के बारे में सूचित नहीं किया था।
Kaksha ki monitor ne chatro ko samay seema ke baare me soochit nahi kiya tha.
The class monitor had not informed the students about the deadline.
हमने अपने छात्रावास के कमरे को साफ नहीं किया था।
Humne apne chhatravaas ke kamre ko saaf nahi kiya tha.
We had not cleaned our dorm room.
वे स्कूल नहीं गए थे।
Ve school nahi gaye the.
They had not gone to school.
उसने अपने स्कूल फेयरवेल के लिए अपनी नई ड्रेस पहन रखी थी।
Usne apne school farewell ke liye apni nai dress pehan rakhi thi.
She had worn her new dress for her school farewell.
Examples of Interrogative Sentences
क्या आपने अपनी परीक्षा की तैयारी की थी?
Kya apne apni pareeksha ki taiyaari kit hi?
Had you prepared for your examination?
उसने पत्र क्यों लिखा था?
Usne patra kyu likha tha?
Why had she written a letter?
उसने किससे मदद मांगी थी?
Usne kisse madad maangi thi?
Who had he asked for help?
क्या उसने धूम्रपान छोड़ दिया था?
Kya usne dhoomrapaan chhod diya tha?
Had he quit smoking?
मेरे पहुंचने से पहले ही वह क्यों चला गया था?
Mere pahuchne se pehle hi vah kyu chala gaya tha?
Why had he left before I reached the place?
Examples of Negative Interrogative Sentences
उसने आपको अपनी पार्टी में क्यों नहीं आमंत्रित किया था?
Usne apko apni party me kyu nahi amantrit kiya tha?
Why had she not invited you to her party?
क्या उन्होंने परीक्षा की तारीख अभी तक नहीं बदली थी?
Kya unhone pareeksha ki tareekh abhi tak nahi badli thi?
Had they not changed the date of the examination yet?
वह परीक्षा के लिए उपस्थित क्यों नहीं हुआ था?
Vah pareeksha ke liye upasthit kyu nahi hua tha?
Why had he not appeared for the examination?
आपने निर्धारित समय पर दवा क्यों नहीं ली थी?
Apne nirdharit samay par dawa kyu nahi li thi?
Why had you not taken the medicine at the designated timings?
उन्होंने प्रस्ताव को क्यों नहीं स्वीकार किया था?
Unone prastaav ko kyu nahi sweekar kiya tha?
Why had they not accepted the proposal?
Past Perfect Continuous Tense
इस Tense के वाक्यों की पहचान है – क्रिया के साथ ” रहा था, रही थी, रहे थे “ लगकर आता है और साथ ही ” समय के साथ से “ का जिक्र होता है।
जैसे – मैं 2 बजे से खेल रहा था, वो सुबह से खा रहा था, आप काफी देर से सो रहे थे आदि।
से के लिए –
Since का प्रयोग किसी निश्चित समय से के साथ – The word ‘since’ is used to express the exact time in which the action started.
For का प्रयोग किसी समयावधि से के साथ –The word ‘for’ is used to express the duration of time.
किस Subject के साथ कौन सी Helping verb??
सभी Subjects के साथ – HAD BEEN
Rules:
Affirmative Sentence (सकारात्मक वाक्य) –
Subject + had + been + V1 + ing + Obj + Since/For + {TIME}.
Negative Sentence (नकारात्मक वाक्य) –
Subject + had + not + been + V1 + ing + Obj + Since/For + {TIME}.
Interrogative Sentence (प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य) –
<WH> + had + Subject + been + V1 + ing + Obj + Since/For + {TIME}?
Negative Interrogative Sentence (नकारात्मक प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य) –
<WH> + had + Subject + not + been + V1 + ing + Obj + Since/For + {TIME}?
Which helping verb with which subject??
सभी Subjects के साथ – HAD
Examples of Affirmative Sentences
वे दो घंटे से फिल्म देख रहे थे।
Ve do ghante se film ekh rahe the.
They had been watching the movie for two hours.
वह 8 बजे से पढ़ रही थी।
Vah 8 baje se padh rahi thi.
She had been studying since 8 o’clock.
वह छह महीने से नौकरी के लिए अप्लाई कर रहा था।
Vah 6 mahine se naukri ke liye apply kar raha tha.
He had been applying for jobs for six months.
वे 15 वर्षों से अपना बिज़नेस चला रहे थे।
Ve 15 varsho se apna business chala rahe the.
They had been running their business for over fifteen years.
मैं पिछले हफ़्ते से तुम्हारा इंतज़ार कर रहा था।
Mai pichle hafte se tumhara intezaar kar raha tha.
I had been waiting for you since last week.
Examples of Negative Sentences
वे दो घंटे से फिल्म नहीं देख रहे थे।
Ve do ghante se film nahi dekh rahe the.
They had not been watching the movie for two hours.
वह 8 बजे से नहीं पढ़ रही थी।
Vah 8 baje se nahi padh rahi thi.
She had not been studying since 8 o’clock.
वह छह महीने से नौकरियों के लिए अप्लाई नहीं कर रहा था।
Vah chhe mahine se naukriyo ke liye apply nahi kar rha tha.
He had not been applying for jobs for six months.
वे पिछले दो हफ्तों से किताबें नहीं पढ़ रहे थे।
Ve pichle do hafto se kitaab nahi padh rhe the.
They had not been reading books for the last two weeks.
बच्चे 5 बजे से नहीं खेल रहे थे।
Bacche 5 baje se nahi khel rahe the.
The kids had not been playing since 5 o’ clock.
Examples of Interrogative Sentences
क्या वे 2017 से प्रोजेक्ट पर काम कर रहे थे?
Kya ve 2017 se project par kaam kar rahe hai?
Had they been working on the project since 2017?
वह दो महीने से शाकाहारी भोजन क्यों खा रहा था?
Vah do mahine se shakahari bhojan kyu kha raha tha?
Why had he been eating vegetarian food for two months?
वे 2015 से एक ही कैमरे का उपयोग क्यों कर रहे थे?
Ve 2015 se ek hi camera ka upyog kyu kar rahe the?
Why had they been using the same camera since 2015?
Examples of Negative Interrogative Sentences
वह दो दिनों से अपनी दवा क्यों नहीं ले रही थी?
Vah do dino se apni dawa kyu nahi le rahi thi?
Why had she not been taking her medicine for two days?
वे तीन सप्ताह से अपने कमरे की सफाई क्यों नहीं कर रहे थे?
Ve teen saptah se apne kamre ki safai kyu nahi kar rahe the?
Why had they not been cleaning their room for three weeks?
वह सोमवार से परीक्षा के लिए प्रैक्टिस क्यों नहीं कर रहा था?
Vah somvaar se pareeksha ke liye practice kyu nahi kar raha tha?
Why had he not been practicing for the examination since Monday?
क्या वह तब से पढ़ाई नहीं कर रहा था जब उसके पिता काम के लिए चले गए थे?
Kya veh tab se padhai nahi kar raha tha jab uske pita kaam ke liye chale gaye the?
Had he not been studying since his father left for work?
Future Indefinite Tense
इस Tense को Simple Present Tense भी कहते हैं। (Also known as the Simple Present Tense.)
इस Tense के वाक्यों की पहचान है – क्रिया के साथ ” गा, गे, गी” लगकर आता है।
किस Subject के साथ कौन सी Helping verb??
सभी Subjects के साथ – WILL
अब “SHALL” का प्रयोग केवल एक Modal Verb की तरह ही किया जाता है। इसीलिए अब आप अक्सर देखते हैं कि सभी Subjects के साथ “WILL” का ही प्रयोग किया जाता है।
Rules:
Affirmative Sentence (सकारात्मक वाक्य) –
Subject + will + V1 + Obj.
Negative Sentence (नकारात्मक वाक्य) –
Subject + will + not + V1 + Obj.
Interrogative Sentence (प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य) –
<WH> + will + Subject + V1 + Obj.?
Negative Interrogative Sentence (नकारात्मक प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य) –
<WH> + will + Subject + not + V1 + Obj.?
Examples of Affirmative Sentences
वह कल पहुँचेगा।
Vah kal pahunchega.
He will arrive tomorrow.
वह इसे कल खरीदेगी।
Vah ise kal khareedegi.
She will buy it tomorrow.
वे उसे एक उपहार भेजेंगे।
Ve use ek uphar bhejenge.
They will send a gift to him.
वह कॉलेज के लिए निकलेगी।
Vah college ke liye niklegi.
She will leave for college.
वह उससे शादी करेगा।
Vah usse shadi karegi.
He will marry her.
Examples of Negative Sentences
वह आपकी मदद नहीं करेगा।
Vah apki madad nahi karega.
He will not help you.
वे आपसे नहीं मिलेंगे।
Ve apse nahi milenge.
They will not meet you.
वह कॉलेज नहीं जाएगी।
Vah college nahi jayegi.
She will not go to college.
वह उससे शादी नहीं करेगा।
Vah usse shadi nahi karega.
He will not marry her.
वह छात्र इस वर्ष परीक्षा नहीं देगा।
Vah student is varsha exam nahi dega.
That student will not appear for the exam this year.
Examples of Interrogative Sentences
आप अपने पंखे की मरम्मत कब करेंगे?
Aap apne pankhe ki marammat kab karenge?
When will you repair your fan?
शिक्षक परीक्षा कब आयोजित करेंगे?
Shikshak pareeksha kab aayojit karenge?
When will the teacher conduct the test?
आप टेस्ट के लिए प्रैक्टिस कब शुरू करेंगे?
Aap test ke liye practice kab shuru karenge?
When will you start practicing for the test?
आप आज रात को क्या खाओगे?
Aap aj raat ko kya khaoge?
What will you eat tonight?
वह गलत काम क्यों करेगा?
Vah galt kaam kyu karega?
Why will he do the wrong thing?
Examples of Negative Interrogative Sentences
वह उसे निमंत्रण क्यों नहीं भेजेगा?
Vah use nimantran kyu nahi bhejega?
Why will he not send an invitation to him?
वह परीक्षा के लिए उपस्थित क्यों नहीं होगा?
Vah pareeksha ke liye upasthit kyu nahi hoga?
Why will he not appear for the examination?
वह यहाँ क्यों नहीं आएगी?
Vah yaha kyu nahi aayegi?
Why will she not come here?
वह काम क्यों नहीं करेगा?
Vah kaam kyu nahi karega?
Why will he not work?
Future Continuous Tense
इस Tense के वाक्यों की पहचान है – क्रिया के साथ ” रहा होगा, रही होगी, रहे होंगे “ लगकर आता है।
किस Subject के साथ कौन सी Helping verb??
सभी Subjects के साथ – WILL BE
Rules:
Affirmative Sentence (सकारात्मक वाक्य) –
Subject + will be + V1 + ing + Object.
Negative Sentence (नकारात्मक वाक्य) –
Subject + will not be + V1 + ing + Object.
Interrogative Sentence (प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य) –
<WH> + will + Subject + be + V1 + ing + Object?
Negative Interrogative Sentence (नकारात्मक प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य) –
<WH> + will + Subject + not + be + V1 + ing + Object?
Examples of Affirmative Sentences
वह कल अपनी प्रतियोगिता की तैयारी कर रहा होगा।
Vah kal apni pratiyogita ki taiyaari kar raha hoga.
He will be preparing for his competition tomorrow.
आप कल शाम को अगले चरण के लिए योजना बना रहे होंगे।
Aap kal sham ko agle charan ke liye yojna bana rhe honge.
You will be planning for the next step tomorrow evening.
कल बारिश हो रही होगी।
Kal baarish ho rahi hogi.
It will be raining tomorrow.
आप 2 दिन बाद कंपनी के विज्ञापन विभाग का कार्यभार संभाल रहे होंगे।
Aap 2 din baad company ke vigyapan vibhaag ka karyabhar sambhal rahe honge.
You will be taking over the Advertisement department of the company after 2 days.
हम अगले साल अमेरिका जा रहे होंगे।
Hum agle saal America ja rahe honge.
We will be going to America next year.
Examples of Negative Sentences
वह कल स्कूल नहीं जा रही होगी।
Vah kal school nahi ja rahi hogi.
She will not be going to school tomorrow.
हम अगले साल अमेरिका नहीं जा रहे होंगे।
Hum agle saal America nahi ja rahe honge.
We will not be going to America next year.
कल बारिश नहीं हो रही होगी।
Kal baarish nahi ho rahi hogi.
It will not be raining tomorrow.
Examples of Interrogative Sentences
वह कल स्कूल कितने बजे जा रही होगी?
Vah kal school kitne baje ja rahi hogi?
At what time will she be going to school tomorrow?
हम अगले साल अमेरिका क्यों जा रहे होंगे?
Hum agle saal America kyo ja rahe honge?
Why will we be going to America next year?
क्या कल बारिश हो रही होगी?
Kya kal baarish ho rahi hogi?
Will it be raining tomorrow?
क्या वह आज शाम को इवेंट में गाने गा रही होगी?
Kya vah aaj shaam ko event me gaane ga rahi hogi?
Will she be singing songs at the event in the evening today?
Examples of Negative Interrogative Sentences
वह कल स्कूल क्यों नहीं जा रही होगी?
Vah kal school kyon nahi ja rahi hogi?
Why will she not be going to school tomorrow?
क्या कल बारिश नहीं हो रही होगी?
Kya kal baarish nahi ho rahi hogi?
Will it not be raining tomorrow?
Future Perfect Tense
इस Tense के वाक्यों की पहचान है – क्रिया के साथ ” चुका होगा, चुकी होगी, चुके होंगे, लिया होगा, दिया होगा, गया होगा, ली होगी, दी होगी, की होगी “ लगकर आता है।
किस Subject के साथ कौन सी Helping verb??
सभी Subjects के साथ – WILL HAVE
Rules:
Affirmative Sentence (सकारात्मक वाक्य) –
Subject + will have + V3 + Object.
Negative Sentence (नकारात्मक वाक्य) –
Subject + will have + not + V3 + Object.
Interrogative Sentence (प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य) –
<WH> + will + Subject + have + V3 + Object?
Negative Interrogative Sentence (नकारात्मक प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य) –
<WH> + will + Subject + not + have + V3 + Object?
Which helping verb with which subject??
सभी Subjects के साथ – WILL HAVE
Examples of Affirmative Sentences
वह 2025 तक बहुत पैसा कमा चुका होगा।
Vah 2025 tak bahut paisa kama chukka hoga.
He will have earned a lot of money by 2025.
वह 2020 तक ग्रेजुएशन कर चुकी होगी।
Vah 2020 tak graduation kar chuki hogi.
She will have graduated by 2020.
Examples of Negative Sentences
वह 2025 तक बहुत पैसा नहीं कमा चुका होगा।
Vah 2025 tak bahut paisa nahi kama chukka hoga.
He will not have earned a lot of money by 2025.
वह 2020 तक ग्रेजुएशन नहीं कर चुकी होगी।
Vah 2020 tak graduation nahi kar chuki hogi.
She will not have graduated by 2020.
Examples of Interrogative Sentences
क्या वह 2025 तक बहुत पैसा कमा चुका होगा?
Kya vah 2025 tak bahut paisa kama chukka hoga?
Will he have earned a lot of money by 2025?
क्या वह 2020 तक ग्रेजुएशन कर चुकी होगी?
Kya vah 2020 tak graduation kar chuki hogi?
Will she have graduated by 2020?
Examples of Negative Interrogative Sentences
क्या वह 2025 तक बहुत पैसा नहीं कमा चुका होगा?
Kya vah 2025 tak bahut paisa nahi kama chukka hoga?
Will he have earned a lot of money by 2025?
क्या वह 2020 तक ग्रेजुएशन नहीं कर चुकी होगी?
Kya vah 2020 tak graduation nahi kar chuki hogi?
Will she have graduated by 2020?
Future Perfect Continuous Tense
इस Tense के वाक्यों की पहचान है – क्रिया के साथ ” रहा होगा, रही होगी, रहे होंगे “ लगकर आता है और साथ ही ” समय के साथ से “ का जिक्र होता है।
से के लिए –
Since/From का प्रयोग – भविष्य में बीते कल के किसी निश्चित समय से के साथ – The word ‘since’ is used to express the exact time in which the action started.
For का प्रयोग – भविष्य में बीते कल से किसी समयावधि से के साथ – The word ‘for’ is used to express the duration of time.
किस Subject के साथ कौन सी Helping verb??
सभी Subjects के साथ – WILL HAVE BEEN
Rules:
Affirmative Sentence (सकारात्मक वाक्य) –
Subject + will have been + V1 + ing + Obj + Since/From/For + {TIME}.
Negative Sentence (नकारात्मक वाक्य) –
Subject + will not have been + V1 + ing + Obj + Since/From/For + {TIME}.
Interrogative Sentence (प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य) –
<WH> + will + Subject + have + been + V1 + ing + Obj + Since/From/For + {TIME}?
Negative Interrogative Sentence (नकारात्मक प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य) –
<WH> + will + Subject + not + have + been + V1 + ing + Obj + Since/From/For + {TIME
Q1. Choose the correct verb from those in brackets:
a. The earth _____ round the sun. (move, moves, moved)
b. My friends _____ the film yesterday. (see, saw, have seen)
c. It started to rain while we _____ tennis. (are playing, had played, were playing)
d. I _____ English for five years. (have been studying, study, am studying)
e. The train _____ before we reach the station. (arrives, will have arrived, had arrived)
f. Don't disturb me. I _____ my work. (do, did, am doing)
g. Fortune _____ the brave. (is favouring, will favour, favours)
h. I _____ the letter before you arrived. (had written, wrote, will write)
i. He _____ us next week. (will have met, will have been meeting, will be meeting)
j. Perhaps we _____ Delhi next month. (visit, will visit, visited)
Q2. Complete the dialogue.
Rashid: Rahul! Your friend Manas has sent you a postcard. It’s from Kerala. It ____ (look) nice.
Rahul: I bet it does!
Rashid: He ____ (write) that it’s very hot there. There ___ (be) a lot of tourists. The hotels ____ (be) full. He ____ (say) the restaurants ____ (be) always full!
Rahul: Yes. I’m sure it is. The papers____ (say) that the temperature there is 30C.
Rashid: Then he ___ (write) that he has learnt a bit of Malayalam, and that he ____ (get on) well with the people there, especially the women!
Rashid: Look, didn’t the newspaper ____ (say) that there’s another strike in Kerala.
Rahul: Yes, it did Manas won’t mind having to stay in Kerala longer!
Q3. Correct the following sentences:
i. I lived in Calcutta since 1930.
ii. She died before her husband came.
iii. I have written a letter to her last Monday.
iv. I am reading Kalidasa for the last six days.
v. The new hotel has been opened last Saturday.
vi. He had gone to Madras last week.
vii. The train leave the station before I reached there.
viii. I wish my men had been coming quickly and find us.
ix. At the moment the baby sleep in the cradle.
x. He goes out for ten minutes.
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