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THE INSO PROJECT
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BAL SHIKSHA KALYAN SEVA COMMITTEE IS PROVIDING FREE ENGLISH CLASSES TO THE HUNDREDS OF STUDENTS OF RURAL AND SLUM AREAS AT FREE OF COST THROUGH THEIR PROJECT IS THE INSO PROJECT. THE FULL FORM OF INSO IS "IMPLEMENT NEW STUDENT OBJECT" IN SHORT WE CAN SAY, "INSO". AS WELL AS NOW THE INSO PROJECT STARTED TO GIVE FREE ENGLISH CLASS TO THE COLLAGE STUDENTS WHICH JOINING US FROM DIFFERENT PLACES.THE INSO PROJECT IS MADE BY ASHISH DIVYA WHO IS THE YOUNGEST SOCIAL WORKER OF INDIA. IF WE TALK ABOUT ASHISH DIVYA SIR SO HE IS ONE FROM TEACHER, SOCIAL WORKER IN FIELD OF HEALTH, AWARENESS AND SPECIALLY EDUCATION.IN THIS OFFICIAL WEBSITE OF THE INSO PROJECT IS PROVIDING FREE ENGLISH CLASS NOTES FOR THE STUDENTS WHICH CAN'T AFFORD THE ENGLISH CLASS FROM THE VARIOUS SCHOOLS OR INSTITUTE TO CAUSE OF THEIR FINANCIAL PROBLEMS.
THE INSO PROJECT IS ADDING ALL ESSENTIAL NOTES FOR STUDENTS WHICH ARE GIVEN BELOW -
- GENERAL VERB CLASS - IN ALL CLASSES OF GENERAL VERB PROVIDES YOU A BUNCH 50 GENERAL USING OF VERBS. HERE ALL STUDENTS ARE GOING TO BE LEARN MORE THAN 1750 GENERAL VERBS IN VERY EASY AND SIMPLE MANNER. IF YOU WILL REMEMBER ALL GENERAL VERB SO YOU WILL HAVE A BUNCH OF WORDS OF VERB TO USE IT IN YOUR OFFICE, SCHOOLS AND OTHER PLACES.
- ENTIRE GRAMMAR CLASS - AFTER OF PROVIDING FREE GENERAL VERB CLASS, THE INSO PROJECT WILL PROVIDE YOU A FREE GRAMMAR CLASS WHERE YOU CAN LEARN AND FIND VARIOUS TYPES OF PARTS OF SPEECH WHICH NEVER BEEN TAUGHT YOU IN ANYWHERE.
- DAILY FREE MOCK TEST - EXCEPT TO THESE ALL THE INSO PROJECT IS TAKING FREE MOCK TESTS OF STUDENTS TO SEE WHAT CHANGES IS COMING INTO THEIR FLUENCY IN ENGLISH. AND WHAT REFORMS THEY NEED TO BE HIDDEN ALL MISTAKES.FOR MOCK TEST YOU WILL GO TO THE SIGN UP LINK AND FILL ALL DETAILS AND WE WILL ADD YOU IN OUR WHATSAPP GROUP AND FROM NEXT DAY WE WILL PROVIDE FREE MOCK TEST.
- WHY WE ARE DOING IT - ONE QUESTION IS COMING ON YOUR MIND THAT WHY THEY ARE DOING THIS WORK WITHOUT ANY PROFIT SO I WOULD LIKE TO TELL ALL RESPECTED OFFICIALS, INDIVIDUALS, PARENTS AND STUDENTS THAT BAL SHIKSHA KALYAN SEVA COMMITTEE IS A NON PROFIT ORGANIZATION OF WHICH DREAMS IS NO ANYONE FROM SLUM AREAS AND STUDENTS WHO HAVE BEEN COMPLETED THEIR STUDIES FROM GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS OR HINDI MEDIUM PRIVATE SCHOOLS WILL BE EXCEPT TO LEARN ENGLISH. IN VERY SIMPLE WORDS, EVERY STUDENT OF SLUM AND RURAL AREAS AND FINANCIALLY UNHEALTHY INDIVIDUALS CAN LEARN ENGLISH THROUGH THIS GREAT INITIATIVE THE INSO PROJECT MADE BY BAL SHIKSHA KALYAN SEVA COMMITTEE (NON PROFIT ORGANIZATION REGISTERED).
- THE INSO PROJECT WEBSITE - THE INSO PROJECT OFFICIAL WEBSITE DESIGNED BY MR ASHISH DIVYA WHICH FULL FILLING ALL REQUIREMENTS OF GOVERNMENT OF INDIA.
- EVERYTHING IS NON PROFIT - NO ANY STUDENTS OR INDIVIDUALS WHO IS GETTING THESE NOTES OR BENEFIT FROM THIS SOCIAL WORK, HAVE TO PAYING A RUPEE FOR THE INSO PROJECT OR BY BAL SHIKSHA KALYAN SEVA COMMITTEE.
SO WELCOME TO ALL STUDENTS IN AN INITIATIVE THE INSO PROJECT BY THE BAL SHIKSHA KALYAN SEVA COMMITTEE, TODAY WE GOING TO LEARN ABOUT THE SELF SPEAKING WORDS IN VERY EASY AND SIMPLE WAY. IT CONTAINS 32 SELF USING WORDS. FIRSTLY WRITE DOWN IT ON COPY AND THEN SEND IT TO THE OFFICIAL NUMBER OF THE INSO PROJECT 8319683358.
📚GRAMMAR CLASS📚
Pronouns
What is a Pronoun?
A pronoun is defined as a word or phrase that is used as a substitution for a noun or noun phrase, which is known as the pronoun’s antecedent. Pronouns are short words and can do everything that nouns can do and are one of the building blocks of a sentence. Common pronouns are he, she, you, me, I, we, us, this, them, that. A pronoun can act as a subject, direct object, indirect object, object of the preposition, and more and takes the place of any person, place, animal or thing. So coffee becomes it, Barbara becomes she, Jeremy becomes he, the team becomes they, and in a sentence, Barbara drinks a cup of coffee every afternoon could become she drinks a cup of it every afternoon, or even she drinks it every afternoon, where the it would substitute the cup of coffee, not just the coffee.
Types of Pronouns
Pronouns can be divided into numerous categories including:
- Indefinite pronouns – those referring to one or more unspecified objects, beings, or places, such as someone, anybody, nothing. Notice in the examples below that there is no set position for where an indefinite pronoun will appear in a sentence.Indefinite pronoun examples:1. Anyone2. Somebody3. Whichever4. Whoever5. Other6. Something7. Nobody
Indefinite pronoun examples in the following sentences are in bold for easy identification.
- Would anyone like a coffee?
- Take whatever you like. Jamie took one cookie and Ben took the other.
- Whoever owns this is in big trouble! I want someone to move this now.
Indefinite pronouns can also be used to create sentences that are almost abstract. Examples could include: this, all, such and something.
- All was not lost.
- Such is life.
- Something tells me this won’t end well.
- Personal pronouns – those associated with a certain person, thing, or group; all except you have distinct forms that indicate singular or plural number. Personal pronouns are always specific and are often used to replace a proper noun (someone’s name) or a collective group of people or things. Personal pronouns have two main groups, one referring to the subject of the sentence and one to the object.The first is used to replace the subject of the sentence: I, you, he, she, it, we, you and they. Notice that you is repeated as you can be singular, addressing one person, or plural, addressing a group of people.
Personal pronoun examples in the following sentences are in bold for easy identification.
- Jack and David are friends. They play basketball together.
- I have more money than he
- We will be late if you don’t hurry up.
The second group of pronouns replaces the object of the sentence: me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them. Consider the sentence again:
We will be late if you don’t hurry up.
In the above example, we is the subject of the sentence, but you is the object. Other examples of pronouns replacing the object:
- Peter sang the song to me.
- Missing the train will cause us to be late.
She packed them tightly in the suitcase.
- Reflexive pronouns – those preceded by the adverb, adjective, pronoun, or noun to which they refer, and ending in –self or –selves. Reflexive pronouns are used to refer back to the subject or clause of a sentence. The list of reflexive pronouns includes: Myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves.Reflexive pronoun examples in the following sentences are in bold for easy identification.
- Count yourselves
- Annie only had herself to blame.
Peter and Paul had baked themselves cakes.
- Demonstrative pronouns – those used to point to something specific within a sentence. There are only four demonstrative pronouns – this, that, these, those – but the usage can be a bit tricky at times. This and that are singular, whereas these and those are plural. As you may have noticed, there can be some crossover with indefinite pronouns when using this and that.Demonstrative pronoun examples in the following sentences are in bold for easy identification.
- I prefer this.
- These are beautiful, but those belong to Danny.
- Did you see that?
While it can be confusing, this, that, these and those can sometimes be used as demonstrative adjectives. The difference between the two is that a demonstrative pronoun replaces the noun and a demonstrative adjective qualifies the noun.
I prefer this photo. These flowers are beautiful, but those vases belong to Danny. Did you see that rainbow?
It should be clear that this, that, these and those in the example above are not pronouns because they are being used to qualify the noun, but not replace it. A good trick for remembering the difference is that a demonstrative pronoun would still make sense if the word one or ones followed it in the sentence.
I prefer this (one). These (ones) are beautiful. Did you see that (one)? Those (ones) belong to Danny.
- Possessive pronouns – those designating possession or ownership. Examples include: mine, its, hers, his, yours, ours, theirs, whose. Consider the example:
- This cat is mine.
Mine is indicating possession, that the cat belongs to me. Incidentally, this in the sentence is not a pronoun but demonstrative adjective as it qualifies the noun cat. You will find that possessive pronouns often follow phrases that contain demonstrative adjectives.
Possessive pronoun examples in the following sentences are in bold for easy identification.
- Are these bananas yours?
- This money is ours.
Is the fault theirs or yours?
- Relative pronouns –those which refer to nouns mentioned previously, acting to introduce an adjective (relative) clause. They will usually appear after a noun to help clarify the sentence or give extra information. Examples include: who, which, that, whom, whose. Consider the following sentence:The man who stole the car went to jail. The relative pronoun who acts to refer back to the noun man. It acts to open a clause by identifying the man as not just any man, but the one who stole the car.Relative pronoun examples in the following sentences are in bold for easy identification.
- The table, which sits in the hallway, is used for correspondence.
- The car that crashed into the wall was blue.
- This is the woman, whose key you found.
- Interrogative pronouns –Those which introduce a question. Examples include: who, whom, whose, what, which. We can usually identify an interrogative pronoun by the fact that they often appear at the beginning of a question.Interrogative pronoun examples in the following sentences are in bold for easy identification.
- Who will come to the party?
- Which do you prefer?
- What do you need?
- Whose clothes are on the floor?
- Whom did you tell?
Whom and who are often confused, and even native speakers will use them incorrectly. Who will replace the subject of a sentence, whereas whom will replace the direct or indirect object. A good tip for deciding which to use is that you can replace who in the sentence with a personal pronoun and it will still make sense. Who will come to the party? I will come to the party. The same system would not work for Whom did you tell? I did you tell.
- Reciprocal pronouns –Those expressing mutual actions or relationship; i.e. one another.There are just two reciprocal pronouns in English: one another and each other. They are mainly used to stop unnecessary repetition in a sentence, but also to reinforce the idea that collective and reciprocal actions are happening to more than one person or thing.John and Mary gave each other gifts. Using each other allows us the sentence to be more efficient than: John gave Mary a gift and Mary gave a gift to John. The countries worked with one another on national security. In this example, one another works to suggest that the action of working is being reciprocated back and forth by more than one country.
Reciprocal pronoun examples in the following sentences are in bold for easy identification.
- The boxers punched each other
The couple love one another deeply
- Intensive pronouns – those ending in –self or –selves and that serve to emphasize their antecedents. These are almost identical to reflexive pronouns, but rather than just referring back to the subject of the sentence they work to reinforce the action. In many cases, the sentence would still make sense without the intensive pronoun.Intensive pronoun examples in the following sentences are in bold for easy identification.
- I will do it myself.
- We made this pie ourselves.
- A nation speaks for itself through elections.
Notice how the intensive pronoun is working to emphasize the statement. The sentence would still technically be correct without the intensive pronoun, but it adds some important context to its meaning.
Pronoun Rules
There are a few important rules for using pronouns. As you read through these rules and the examples in the next section, notice how the pronoun rules are followed. Soon you’ll see that pronouns are easy to work with.
- Subject pronouns may be used to begin sentences. For example: We did a great job.
- Subject pronouns may also be used to rename the subject. For example: It was she who decided we should go to Hawaii.
- Indefinite pronouns don’t have antecedents. They are capable of standing on their own. For example: No one likes the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard.
- Object pronouns are used as direct objects, indirect objects, and objects of prepositions. These include: you, me, him, her, us, them, and it. For example: David talked to her about the mistake.
- Possessive pronouns show ownership. They do not need apostrophes. For example: The cat washed its
Examples of Pronouns
In the following examples, the pronouns are italicized.
- We are going on vacation.
- Don’t tell me that you can’t go with us.
- Anybody who says it won’t be fun has no clue what they are talking about.
- These are terribly steep stairs.
- We ran into each other at the mall.
- I’m not sure which is worse: rain or snow.
- It is one of the nicest Italian restaurants in town.
- Richard stared at himself in the mirror.
- The laundry isn’t going to do itself.
- Someone spilled orange juice all over the countertop!
Pronoun Exercises
The following exercises will help you gain greater understanding about how pronouns work. Choose the best answer to complete each sentence.
- This is __________ speaking.
- John
- He
- He john
- Am
- Greg is as smart as __________ is.
- I
- me
- she
- we
- The dog chewed on __________ favorite toy.
- it’s
- it is
- its’
- its
- It could have been __________ .
- Jerry
- anyone
- better
- more difficult
- Terry is taller than __________ am.
- I
- me
- she
- we
Answers
- B. This is he speaking.
- C. Greg is as smart as she is.
- D. The dog chewed on its favorite toy.
- B. It could have been anyone.
- A. Terry is taller than I am.
List of Pronouns
As you read through this list of pronouns, remember that each one of these pronouns is a word that can be used to take the place of a noun. Think about ways to use the pronouns on this list in sentences, as this will increase your understanding.
I
We
Me
Us
You
She
He
Her
Him
They
Them
It
That
Which
Who
Whom
Whose
Whichever
Whoever
Whomever
This
These
That
Those
Anybody
Anyone
Anything
Each
Either
Everyone
Everybody
Everything
Nobody
Neither
No one
Nothing
Somebody
One
Someone
Something
Few
Many
Both
Several
Any
All
Some
Most
None
Myself
Yourself
Ourselves
Yourselves
Herself
Himself
Themselves
Itself
Who
What
Which
Whose
Whom
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